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Normal CT Facial Bones Report Template (Maxillofacial Trauma)
Normal maxillofacial CT report template for trauma: non-contrast thin-section bone and soft tissue algorithms with multiplanar and 3D reformats, orbits, zygomaticomaxillary complex, nasal bones, maxilla, mandible and TMJs, with notes on Le Fort, tripod and naso-orbito-ethmoid patterns and the sinus air-fluid level clue.
EXAMINATION: CT of the maxillofacial bones without contrast. CLINICAL HISTORY: [indication, e.g. “Facial trauma after assault, left periorbital swelling” / “Motor vehicle collision, evaluate for facial fractures”] COMPARISON: [None available. / Head CT of the same date.] TECHNIQUE: Helical non-contrast CT of the facial bones from the frontal sinuses through the mandible, with thin-section axial images reconstructed in bone and soft tissue algorithms and coronal and sagittal reformats. [3D volume-rendered images were generated.] Dose reduction techniques were used. FINDINGS: Orbits: The orbital walls, including the floors, medial walls (lamina papyracea), roofs and lateral walls, are intact. Normal globes and optic nerves. No intraorbital hematoma, emphysema or herniation of orbital fat or extraocular muscle. The extraocular muscles are normal in size and position. Zygomaticomaxillary complex: The zygomatic arches, zygomaticofrontal sutures, inferior orbital rims and anterior and posterolateral maxillary sinus walls are intact bilaterally. No tripod (ZMC) fracture. Nasal bones and septum: The nasal bones and frontal processes of the maxilla are intact. The nasal septum is midline [with mild deviation to the x]. No naso-orbito-ethmoid injury. Maxilla and pterygoid plates: The maxillary alveolus, palate and pterygoid plates are intact. No Le Fort pattern of injury. Frontal bone: The anterior and posterior tables of the frontal sinuses are intact. Mandible and TMJs: The mandibular symphysis, body, angles, rami, coronoid and condylar processes are intact. The condyles are normally seated in the glenoid fossae bilaterally. No dental fracture or avulsion on this examination. [Dental restorations are present.] Paranasal sinuses: The sinuses are clear. No air-fluid level or hemosinus. No fracture of the sinus walls. Soft tissues: [Mild] soft tissue swelling over the [left periorbital region] without underlying fracture. No foreign body. No subcutaneous emphysema. Visualized intracranial contents: No intracranial hemorrhage on the included images; see the dedicated head CT [if performed]. Skull base and cervical spine (included portions): Intact. IMPRESSION: 1. No facial bone fracture. 2. [Left periorbital soft tissue swelling without underlying fracture.]
Dictation notes
- Search by pattern, not by bone: the zygomaticomaxillary (tripod) fracture needs the zygomaticofrontal suture, inferior orbital rim, zygomatic arch and lateral maxillary wall checked together; Le Fort I, II and III all involve the pterygoid plates, so intact pterygoids exclude every Le Fort pattern.
- An air-fluid level or opacified maxillary sinus in a trauma patient is blood until a fracture is found or excluded on coronal bone windows — hemosinus is the most reliable indirect sign of an orbital floor or maxillary wall fracture.
- Orbital floor and medial wall fractures are reported with the size of the defect, whether the inferior rectus is herniated or kinked and whether there is enophthalmos, because entrapment and a floor defect over about 50% of its area decide surgery.
- The mandible is a ring: one fracture should prompt a search for the second (contralateral angle or condyle), and condylar fractures are easiest to miss on axial images, so confirm on coronal and sagittal reformats.
- Say whether the intracranial contents and the cervical spine were covered; a facial CT reconstructed from a head CT does not replace a dedicated cervical spine CT, and a frontal sinus posterior table fracture is a neurosurgical finding.
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